{
  "place_id": "tartu#8243_11484",
  "wikidata": "Q13972",
  "country": "EE",
  "local_name": "Tartu",
  "names": {
    "en": {
      "main": "Tartu",
      "why": "Current local name, already written in the Latin alphabet; used directly in English without translation.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Dorpat",
          "why": "Historical German name, encountered in English historical writing, older maps and family records."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yuryev",
          "why": "Russian-based spelling, found in older international references and Russian-language source citations; retained as a recognition form."
        },
        {
          "name": "Iouriev",
          "why": "French transcription used in French-language accounts; retained alongside the selected main form."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jurjew",
          "why": "Alternative international spelling used in references to this place; not a separate settlement or a renaming."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tarbatum",
          "why": "Historical Latin name used in scholarly or early printed sources, not a current everyday name."
        },
        {
          "name": "Тарту",
          "why": "Russian-language source name in its original Cyrillic script, supplied to recognise quotations and multilingual records; not an English or French spelling."
        }
      ]
    },
    "fr": {
      "main": "Tartu",
      "why": "Nom local actuel, déjà écrit en alphabet latin et repris tel quel en français.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Dorpat",
          "why": "Nom allemand historique, rencontré dans les récits historiques, les anciennes cartes et les recherches familiales."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yuryev",
          "why": "Graphie issue du russe, présente dans les anciennes références internationales et les citations de sources russophones ; forme conservée pour l’identification."
        },
        {
          "name": "Iouriev",
          "why": "Transcription française employée dans les textes francophones, conservée à côté de la forme principale retenue."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jurjew",
          "why": "Autre graphie internationale employée pour cette localité ; il ne s’agit ni d’une autre localité ni d’un changement de nom."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tarbatum",
          "why": "Nom latin historique employé dans les travaux savants ou les imprimés anciens, sans usage courant actuel."
        },
        {
          "name": "Тарту",
          "why": "Nom russe dans son alphabet cyrillique, fourni pour reconnaître les citations et les documents multilingues ; ce n’est pas une graphie anglaise ou française."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "about_en": "Tartu is a university city on the Emajõgi River in southern Estonia. Its university and the surrounding cultural institutions give it a prominent place in Estonian intellectual life.",
  "about_fr": "Tartu est une ville universitaire du sud de l’Estonie, sur l’Emajõgi. Son université et ses institutions culturelles lui donnent une place importante dans la vie intellectuelle estonienne.",
  "certainty": "medium",
  "notes": "Yuryev/Iouriev refers to the Russian imperial name used from 1893 to 1918; Dorpat is a longstanding historical exonym, not the current official name.",
  "rank": 101,
  "slug": "tartu"
}