{
  "place_id": "kholm#7840_11304",
  "wikidata": "Q234184",
  "country": "PL",
  "local_name": "Chełm",
  "names": {
    "en": {
      "main": "Chełm",
      "why": "Current local name, already written in the Latin alphabet; used directly in English without translation.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Kholm",
          "why": "Russian-based spelling, found in older international references and Russian-language source citations; retained as a recognition form."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chołm",
          "why": "Older Polish spelling recorded in historical references; the current official Polish form is Chełm."
        },
        {
          "name": "Khelem",
          "why": "Yiddish name in Latin transcription, used in Jewish history and genealogy; transcription varies between authors."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chelm",
          "why": "Yiddish name in Latin transcription, used in Jewish history and genealogy; transcription varies between authors."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cholm",
          "why": "Alternative international spelling used in references to this place; not a separate settlement or a renaming."
        }
      ]
    },
    "fr": {
      "main": "Chełm",
      "why": "Nom local actuel, déjà écrit en alphabet latin et repris tel quel en français.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Kholm",
          "why": "Graphie issue du russe, présente dans les anciennes références internationales et les citations de sources russophones ; forme conservée pour l’identification."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chołm",
          "why": "Ancienne graphie polonaise relevée dans les références historiques ; la forme officielle polonaise actuelle est Chełm."
        },
        {
          "name": "Khelem",
          "why": "Nom yiddish transcrit en caractères latins, employé en histoire juive et en généalogie ; la transcription varie selon les auteurs."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chelm",
          "why": "Nom yiddish transcrit en caractères latins, employé en histoire juive et en généalogie ; la transcription varie selon les auteurs."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cholm",
          "why": "Autre graphie internationale employée pour cette localité ; il ne s’agit ni d’une autre localité ni d’un changement de nom."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "about_en": "Chełm is a city in eastern Poland, in Lublin Voivodeship. Its chalk tunnels and its hilltop religious buildings reflect distinctive parts of the city’s geology and history.",
  "about_fr": "Chełm est une ville de l’est de la Pologne, dans la voïvodie de Lublin. Ses souterrains de craie et ses édifices religieux sur la colline illustrent des aspects particuliers de sa géologie et de son histoire.",
  "certainty": "medium",
  "notes": "Kholm is also the Ukrainian exonym in romanization. Khelem/Chelm is prominent in Jewish folklore, but the stories do not describe the modern city literally. Chołm is an older historical spelling, not the present Polish official spelling.",
  "rank": 175,
  "slug": "chelm"
}