{
  "place_id": "kolno#7967_11218",
  "wikidata": "Q1614791",
  "country": "PL",
  "local_name": "Kolno",
  "names": {
    "en": {
      "main": "Kolno",
      "why": "Current official Polish Latin-script name, retained in English with its local spelling; no Cyrillic romanization is required.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Kolne",
          "why": "Yiddish-derived name used in Jewish historical and genealogical references; not the modern civic name."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kolna",
          "why": "Yiddish-derived historical name explicitly listed in JewishGen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kol'no",
          "why": "Russian-based historical spelling explicitly listed in the English JewishGen index."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kalinas",
          "why": "Lithuanian name explicitly listed in the English JewishGen index; English prose frequency unverified."
        }
      ]
    },
    "fr": {
      "main": "Kolno",
      "why": "Same form as in English; retained in French reference usage, without a separate French exonym.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Kolne",
          "why": "Jewish historical name for retrieval in French-language sources; exact frequency in French prose is unverified."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kolna",
          "why": "Yiddish-derived historical form in JewishGen, useful in French bibliographic searches; independent French prose frequency unverified."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "about_en": "Kolno is a county town in Podlaskie Voivodeship in northeastern Poland. It belongs to the historic Mazovia borderlands and once had a substantial Jewish community.",
  "about_fr": "",
  "certainty": "high",
  "notes": "This is the county town Kolno in Podlaskie, not the village of the same name in Warmia. Reference pages checked 2026-11-15: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolno ; https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolno_(Podlachie). Historical variants: https://cdp.jewishgen.org/eastern-europe/poland/kolno ; https://libguides.nypl.org/yizkorbooks/k .",
  "rank": 966,
  "slug": "kolno"
}