{
  "place_id": "manhush#7613_12072",
  "wikidata": "Q4280256",
  "country": "UA",
  "local_name": "Мангуш",
  "names": {
    "en": {
      "main": "Manhush",
      "why": "Historical Ukrainian name restored in 1995; national romanization (2010) gives Manhush. The same string also results from BGN/PCGN Ukrainian romanization (1965). The same string also results from ALA-LC Ukrainian romanization (2011 table).",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Mangush",
          "why": "Russian-based English spelling still widespread in reporting."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pershotravneve",
          "why": "Former Ukrainian Soviet name, replaced by the restored Manhush in 1995."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pershotravnevyi",
          "why": "Former Soviet name variant explicitly given in English references; superseded by Manhush in 1995."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pershotravnevoye",
          "why": "Russian form Першотравневое of the former name, superseded in 1995; not Pervomayskoye."
        },
        {
          "name": "Manhouch",
          "why": "French reference spelling; useful when English writing cites French titles or sources. Not asserted to be a usual English exonym."
        },
        {
          "name": "Manguš",
          "why": "ISO 9:1995 character transliteration; standard-derived retrieval form. Actual English textual use is unverified; not an asserted established exonym."
        },
        {
          "name": "Мангуш",
          "why": "Original Ukrainian spelling for matching local maps, addresses and source titles quoted in English."
        }
      ]
    },
    "fr": {
      "main": "Manhouch",
      "why": "Attested French geographical reference spelling; follows French transcription conventions.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Mangouch",
          "why": "Russian-derived French name explicitly given in references."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pershotravneve",
          "why": "Former Ukrainian name, restored to Manhush in 1995; retained for French historical retrieval."
        },
        {
          "name": "Perchotravneve",
          "why": "Former-name spelling explicitly used in French historical reference text for the 1946–1995 period."
        },
        {
          "name": "Perchotravnevy",
          "why": "Alternative former-name spelling explicitly used in French reference text."
        },
        {
          "name": "Manhush",
          "why": "International spelling retained for French source matching; French reference usage also has the adapted main form above."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "about_en": "Manhush is a settlement west of Mariupol in southeastern Ukraine. It was founded by Greeks resettled from Crimea and remains part of the region's Greek cultural landscape.",
  "about_fr": "",
  "certainty": "medium",
  "notes": "Historical Manhush restored in 1995, replacing Pershotravneve. The district was renamed separately in 2016; those are different events. Russian Першотравневое must not be silently replaced by its translated meaning Первомайское. https://dn.gov.ua/storage/app/media/uploaded-files/HRONOGRAF.pdf Standard-derived alternatives are retrieval aids, not claims of press frequency. Reference pages checked 2026-11-15: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4280256 ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhush,_Donetsk_Oblast ; https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhouch.",
  "rank": 1191,
  "slug": "manhush"
}