{
  "place_id": "pivnichne#7688_12105",
  "wikidata": "Q4221569",
  "country": "UA",
  "local_name": "Північне",
  "names": {
    "en": {
      "main": "Pivnichne",
      "why": "Current Ukrainian name in the national romanization adopted in 2010, recommended by the UN in 2012 and adopted by BGN/PCGN in 2019.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Kirove",
          "why": "Former Ukrainian Soviet name, replaced by Pivnichne in 2016."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kirovo",
          "why": "Russian form of the former name, retained in older and occupation-era sources."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pivnitchne",
          "why": "French spelling, useful when an English text cites French maps, titles or historical sources; not the selected English main form."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pìvnìčne",
          "why": "ISO 9:1995 character transliteration; a standard-derived search form, not evidence of an established English exonym. Textual occurrence has not been independently verified."
        },
        {
          "name": "Північне",
          "why": "Original Ukrainian spelling, useful when matching quoted local maps, addresses and source titles in English."
        }
      ]
    },
    "fr": {
      "main": "Pivnitchne",
      "why": "Attested French reference spelling; the adaptation follows French transcription conventions rather than English spelling.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Kirove",
          "why": "Former Ukrainian name, replaced in 2016; retained for French historical searches."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kirovo",
          "why": "Russian spelling of the former name, encountered in French international citations."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pivnichnoïe",
          "why": "Russian-script-derived transcription explicitly given in the French reference entry; not Ukrainian romanization."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pivnichne",
          "why": "International spelling also useful for French source matching; the selected French main follows French reference transcription."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pivnichnoie",
          "why": "Diacritic-free typing/indexing form of Pivnichnoïe for French retrieval; not a separate official name. Independent prose frequency is unverified."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "about_en": "Pivnichne is a settlement near Toretsk in Ukraine's Donetsk Oblast. Its development belongs to the coal-mining history of the Donbas.",
  "about_fr": "",
  "certainty": "medium",
  "notes": "Former Kirove renamed Pivnichne in 2016. This is the settlement near Toretsk, not another Pivnichne. System-derived alternatives are retrieval aids, not claims of press frequency. Reference pages checked 2026-11-15: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivnichne,_Donetsk_Oblast ; https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivnitchne_(raïon_de_Bakhmout). Some reference requests failed during research; surviving checks and unresolved usage limitations are distinguished above.",
  "rank": 1084,
  "slug": "pivnichne"
}