{
  "place_id": "shakhtarsk#7668_12137",
  "wikidata": "Q29756",
  "country": "UA",
  "local_name": "Шахтарськ",
  "names": {
    "en": {
      "main": "Shakhtarsk",
      "why": "Current Ukrainian name in the national romanization adopted in 2010 and recommended by the UN in 2012; also the BGN/PCGN system adopted in 2019.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Shakhtyorsk",
          "why": "Russian-based spelling of Шахтёрск, common in English reporting and Soviet-era references."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shakhtersk",
          "why": "Russian-based spelling with ё represented as e rather than yo."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shakhtars’k",
          "why": "BGN/PCGN 1965 geographical romanization of the Ukrainian spelling. Standard-derived form; medium confidence in actual use for this place, not claimed as an established English exonym."
        },
        {
          "name": "Šahtarsʹk",
          "why": "ISO 9:1995 reversible transliteration of the Ukrainian spelling. Standard-derived form; medium confidence in actual use for this place, not claimed as an established English exonym."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shakhtarsʹk",
          "why": "ALA-LC Ukrainian 2011 library romanization of the Ukrainian spelling. Standard-derived form; medium confidence in actual use for this place, not claimed as an established English exonym."
        },
        {
          "name": "Шахтарськ",
          "why": "Original Ukrainian Cyrillic spelling, useful for matching local documents and quotations; not a Latin-script English form."
        }
      ]
    },
    "fr": {
      "main": "Chakhtarsk",
      "why": "Established French transcription with ch for ш; used in French reference writing.",
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "name": "Shakhtarsk",
          "why": "Same official Latin form as in English; French texts using Ukrainian romanization retain sh."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chakhtiorsk",
          "why": "French transcription of the Russian name, with ch and io."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chakhtersk",
          "why": "Russian-based French variant with the written е/ё distinction flattened."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "about_en": "Shakhtarsk is a coal-mining city in Donetsk Oblast in eastern Ukraine. Its identity and urban landscape grew from the mining settlements of the Donbas.",
  "about_fr": "",
  "certainty": "medium",
  "notes": "Not the Russian town Shakhtyorsk on Sakhalin. The shared mining-derived Russian name requires country and region disambiguation.",
  "rank": 214,
  "slug": "shakhtarsk"
}